One of the robotic arms seen on the table in the reconstruction bay is that of Johnny Five from Short Circuit (1986) and Short Circuit 2 (1988).
Unit 3947 states he has been in service 1,314,807 hours and 33 minutes. In Earth time, that translates to 149 years, 361 days, 9 hours and 33 minutes.
This episode was directed by Jonathan Frakes, who played William T. Riker in Star Trek: The Next Generation (1987).
B'Elanna says that she is adjusting the flux capacitance of the prototype's power module. This is a reference to Back to the Future (1985) and its sequels Back to the Future Part II (1989) and Back to the Future Part III (1990) in which the flux capacitor is "what makes time travel possible" in the time travelling DeLorean.
The Automated Personnel Units from this episode, in particular Unit 3947, bear a striking resemblance to the Kaylon from The Orville (2017): in their speech, in their backstory in particular; and in their generic appearance and movement. With the amount of satirical references that The Orville makes to Star Trek franchises, 3947 is likely an inspiration for Isaac.