Former mayor of Amsterdam from June 16th, 1983 to January 18th, 1994 and former minister (1981-1982 and 1994).
Member of the Dutch House of Representatives from February 23rd, 1967 to September 11th, 1981 and from September 16th, 1982 to June 16th, 1983 for the PvdA (the Dutch labor party).
Member of the Dutch Senate from June 8th, 1999 to June 12th, 2007 for the PvdA (the Dutch labor party).