My top 10 favorite Disney animators

Wolfgang Reitherman was a German-born American animator who was one of Disney's Nine Old Men.

He began working for Disney in 1933, along with future Disney legends Ward Kimball and Milt Kahl. The three worked together on a number of classic Disney shorts.

Reitherman directed several Disney animated feature films including: One Hundred and One Dalmatians (1961), The Sword in the Stone (1963), The Jungle Book (1967), The Aristocats (1970), Robin Hood (1973), The Many Adventures of Winnie The Pooh (1977), and The Rescuers (1977).

He died in a car accident in 1985 at the age of 75. In 1989 Reitherman was posthumously named a Disney Legend, a hall of fame program that recognizes individuals who have made an extraordinary and integral contribution to The Walt Disney Company.

Art Babbitt (born Arthur Harold Babitsky) was an American animator and animation director from Omaha, Nebraska. He worked in several animation studios over his long career, but is mostly remembered for his early work for the Walt Disney Animation Studios. During the 1930s, Babbitt redesigned and developed the character of Goofy. In his view, Goofy was a composite character: "a composite of an everlasting optimist, a gullible Good Samaritan, a half-wit, a shiftless, good-natured hick". Babbitt was credited as the main animator for the Evil Queen in "Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs" (1937), and for Geppetto in "Pinocchio" (1940).

In 1907, Babbitt was born to a Jewish family in Little Bohemia, Omaha. It was a neighborhood of Omaha which had a large population of Czech emigrants from Austria-Hungary since the 1880s. By the time he finished kindergarten, his family decided to move to Sioux City, Iowa. His father was paralyzed in an accident at work, forcing Babbitt to become a breadwinner at an early age.

In the late 1920s, Babbitt had decided to follow the career of an animator. At the time, the industry was providing career opportunities for hopeful young artists. In 1929, Babbitt was among the first animators hired by a new animation studio, Terrytoons (1929-1973). The studio had been established by experienced animator Paul Terry, and its headquarters were located in Long Island, New York.

In 1932, Babbitt applied for a job at the Walt Disney Animation Studios in Los Angeles. The studio was more prestigious than Terrytoons, and was reputed to offer better salaries for its top talents. Babbitt was initially hired as an assistant animator, but was soon promoted to a regular animator in recognition of his talents. He was put to work in animated short films, helping animate characters such as Mickey Mouse, Pluto, and the Big Bad Wolf.

When the studio started working on its first animated feature film, "Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs" , Babbitt was entrusted with animating the Evil Queen. It was one of the toughest assignments on the film, as the character was not rotoscoped (unlike several of the others). There was an effort to make the character "regally beautiful", to have her movements be graceful, and for her emotions to be primarily expressed through her lovely mouth and eyes. Babbitt and his assistants reportedly produced enough drawings of the Queen to fill a paper house.

His efforts on the feature film were rewarded with a salary increase. Babbitt was one of the highest-paying jobs in the studio. For the first time in his life, he could afford a large house, three cars, and two servants. At about this time, Babbit married his first wife. She was the actress and dancer Marge Champion (1919-2020). She had been hired as a dance model for "Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs", and had impressed Babbitt. Their marriage only lasted to 1940, ending in divorce.

During the late 1930s, Babbitt worked on two other feature films "Pinocchio" and "Fantasia". He animated Geppetto in "Pinocchio", the protagonist's father. He also designed several characters for two segments of Fantasia: "The Nutcracker Suite" and "The Pastoral Symphony". Among his creations were Disney's versions of the gods Zeus, Vulcan, and Boreas.

In 1941, came the Disney animators' strike. Many of the studio's animators wanted to unionize in order to achieve better working conditions. Babbitt became one of the strike's leaders, though he was primarily campaigning for the rights of others and not his own self-interest. At one point, Babbitt and studio head Walt Disney nearly had a fist fight over a verbal insult. Studio staff intervened to stop them.

Following the strike, Babbitt and Walt Disney continued working together for a while, despite their mutual distrust and hostility. Babbitt found a friendlier working environment at his next employer, Warner Bros. Cartoons. His career was interrupted for a few years by military service in the Pacific War. In the post-war years, Babbitt was among the early staff of the animation studio United Productions of America (UPA, 1941-2000). The studio had been established by former Disney personnel, and Babbitt found himself working alongside former colleagues.

UPA was noted for its "very flat" and stylized designs, in contrast with Disney's style. They were considered as one of the most innovative animated studios of the late 1940s and early 1950s. Babbitt worked on several of their award-winning shorts until 1955. He subsequently acquired partial ownership of Quartet Films, a studio primarily working on television commercials.

Over the following decades, Babbitt rarely worked on theatrical films. But he was eventually hired by animator Richard Williams (1933-2019) to serve as the lead animator for the unfinished feature film "The Thief and the Cobbler". Babbitt designed several of the film's characters. The film was in production from 1964 until 1993, and was eventually released in a partially finished form. Babbitt did not live long enough to finish the film or to see it released. During that film's production, Babbitt also provided some character animation for "Raggedy Ann & Andy: A Musical Adventure" (1977).

In the early 1990s, Babbitt was invited by executive Roy E. Disney (Walt's nephew) to reconcile himself with Disney and its staff. Babbitt had reunions with his former rivals Frank Thomas and Ollie Johnston. He died in March 1992, at the age of 84. He was buried at the Forest Lawn Memorial Park, located in Hollywood Hills. Babbitt was posthumously named a Disney Legend in 2007. A small collection of Babbitt's personal films and home movies was eventually acquired by the Academy Film Archive. Babbitt is long gone, but continues to have a high reputation among animation historians and fans of American animation.

Glen Keane was born on 13 April 1954 in Abington, Pennsylvania, USA. He is a producer, known for Over the Moon (2020), Tangled (2010) and Beauty and the Beast (1991). He has been married to Linda Hesselroth since 3 August 1975. They have two children.

Andreas Deja was born on 1 April 1957 in Gdansk, Pomorskie, Poland. He is an assistant director, known for Mushka (2023), The Princess and the Frog (2009) and Winnie the Pooh (2011).

Fred Moore was born on 7 September 1911 in Los Angeles, California, USA. He was an actor, known for Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937), Dumbo (1941) and Alice in Wonderland (1951). He died on 25 November 1952 in Burbank, California, USA.

Charles August "Nick" Nichols was an American animator and film director. He was born in Milford, Utah, a small ranching town.

Nichols started his career at the Dsney studio. His first film credit was for the film "Pinocchio" (1940), where he animated the villainous Coachman. He served as a film director for several short films, introducing characters such as Morris the Midget Moose. He also worked in then popular Pluto series.

Nichols found a new career when working with the animation studio Hanna-Barbera. He co-directed the popular film "Charlotte's Web" (1973), and helped create such series as "Hong Kong Phooey" and "Goober and the Ghost Chasers".

He returned to the Disney studio in the 1980s, where his most notable work were his contributions to the final season of the television series "The New Adventures of Winnie the Pooh" (1988-1991). He died in 1992, at the age of 82.

Mark Henn was born on 6 April 1958 in Dayton, Ohio, USA. He is a director, known for The Lion King (1994), Winnie the Pooh (2011) and Mulan (1998). He has been married to Debra Lou Hall since 1 August 1981.

Frank Thomas was born on 5 September 1912 in Santa Monica, California, USA. He was a writer and actor, known for The Iron Giant (1999), The Incredibles (2004) and The Aristocats (1970). He was married to Jeanette A. Thomas. He died on 8 September 2004 in La Cañada Flintridge, California, USA.

Marc Davis was an American animator from Bakersfield, California. He was a member of Disney's Nine Old Men, a group of senior animators who supervised the Walt Disney Animation Studios from c. 1945 to 1977. Davis was nicknamed as "Disney's Ladies' Man", because he was often asked to design and/or animate the primary female characters in Disney's feature films. His most significant characters were Snow White in "Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs" (1937), Bambi, Faline, and Flower in "Bambi" (1942), Brer Rabbit, Brer Fox, and Brer Bear in "Song of the South" (1946), Bongo in "Fun and Fancy Free" (1947), Mr. Toad and the villainous weasels in "The Adventures of Ichabod and Mr. Toad" (1949), Cinderella in "Cinderella" (1950), Alice in "Alice in Wonderland" (1951), Tinker Bell and Mrs. Darling in "Peter Pan" (1953), Aurora, Maleficent, and Diablo the Raven in "Sleeping Beauty" (1959), and Cruella De Vil and Anita in "One Hundred and One Dalmatians" (1961).

Davis took up drawing as a hobby during his childhood. He noted that his drawings increased his popularity with other kids, and that even the bullies stopped bothering him. Deciding to become a professional artist, Davis received training at the Kansas City Art Institute, the California School of Fine Arts in San Francisco, and the Otis Art Institute in Los Angeles. He habitually sketched zoo animals for practice, and studied animal anatomy to improve the accuracy of his depictions.

In 1935, Davis was one of several young animators hired by Disney during the production phase of the studio's first animated feature film, "Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs" (1937). He soon demonstrated a talent for developing "three-dimensional characters and storytelling", which set him apart from other animators. Which is why he was assigned to draw "difficult-to-draw" human characters, rather than caricatures. He always aimed "to put personality into the characters", in order to make them appealing to the film's audience. He typically used reference images for his characters, and at times emulated the gestures and expressions of the characters' voice actors. One of his most challenging assignments was animating the silent character of Tinker Bell. He had to express the character's sass and personality through pantomime and facial expression alone.

In 1956, Davis married the costume designer Alice Estes (1929-2022). They had previously been working together in developing suitable clothing for the character of Aurora, and their professional relationship preceded their romantic relationship. Soon after their wedding, Disney introduced her to the studio head Walt Disney. Walt eventually hired Alice to design costumes for Disney's live-action productions.

In the early 1960s, Davis left Disney's animation studio. He transferred to WED Enterprises (later renamed to Walt Disney Imagineering), the subsidiary company responsible for the creation, design, and construction of Disney theme parks and attractions. Davis helped in the design and creation of several attractions, including "The Jungle Cruise" (1955), "Mine Train Through Nature's Wonderland" (1960), "The Enchanted Tiki Room" (1963), "Ford's Magic Skyway" (1964), "Great Moments with Mr. Lincoln" (1964), "The Carousel of Progress" (1964), "It's a Small World" (1964), "Pirates of the Caribbean" (1967), "The Haunted Mansion" (1969), "The Country Bear Jamboree" (1971), and "America Sings" (1974).

Davis worked in the early 1970s in developing an attraction called "Western River Expedition", which would serve as a historical recreation of the Western expansion of the United States. This attraction was never built, but elements of Davis' designs were later used in developing the attractions called "Tom Sawyer Island", "Big Thunder Mountain Railroad", "Splash Mountain", "Thunder Mesa", "Phantom Manor", and "Expedition Everest".

Davis retired in 1978, at the age of 65. In 1982, Davis won a Winsor McCay Award for his contributions to animation. In 1985, Davis won the Golden Award of the organization Motion Picture Screen Cartoonists. In 1989, he was inducted to the hall of fame Disney Legends. In 1993, Davis received an award by the Disneyana Fan Club. Davis died in January 2000, at the age of 86. Shortly following his death, the Marc Fraser Davis Scholarship Fund was formally established at the California Institute of the Arts.

Davis' career and artwork were the subject of the biographical book "Marc Davis: Walt Disney's Renaissance Man" (2014) by Disney Editions. The book was followed by the sequel "Marc Davis in His Own Words: Imagineering the Disney Parks" (2020), which focused on his theme park designs. Though long gone, Davis remains popular among fans of traditional animation.

Milt Kahl was a veteran animator from San Francisco. He became one of "Disney's Nine Old Men", a board of supervising animators who headed the production staff of the Walt Disney Animation Studios from c. 1945 to 1977.

Kahl was born in San Francisco. His parents were the saloon bartender Erwin Kahl and his wife Grace. Kahl was one of several young animators hired by the Disney studio in the mid-1930s. He worked on the animated feature film Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937), animating various forest animals. He is also thought to have worked on scenes involving the film's unnamed prince.

Kahl was noticed by the studio's executives while working on a subsequent film, Pinocchio (1940). Kahl insisted that the eponymous sentient puppet should primarily look like a "cute little boy", not like a real puppet. Kahl was allowed to design the film's version of Pinocchio as a boy with a Tyrolean hat and Mickey Mouse-style gloves on his hands. Walt Disney embraced Kahl's vision and urged the writers to evolve Pinocchio into a more innocent figure that would match Kahl's design. In the film itself, Kahl animated several scenes involving Pinocchio himself, Jiminy Cricket, and Geppetto.

Kahl served as a supervising animator on Bambi (1942), working on scenes involving Bambi and Thumper. In Saludos Amigos (1942), Kahl animated a sequence which depicted Donald Duck riding a llama. Kahl was one of the animators in two segments of Make Mine Music (1946): "The Martins and the Coys" and "All the Cats Join In". Kahl directed the Tar Baby sequence in Song of the South (1946), a film adaptation of the short story "Tar-Baby" (1881) which featured a doll made of tar and turpentine. Kahl worked on the "Bongo" segment of the anthology film Fun and Fancy Free (1947). He was responsible for animating both the female lead, Lulubelle, and the villain, Lumpjaw.

Kahl was one of the directing animators in the anthology film Melody Time (1948). He was responsible for the scenes depicting Johnny Appleseed, Johnny's guardian angel, Pecos Bill, Widowmaker (Pecos' horse), and Slue Foot Sue (Pecos' love interest). Kahl worked as a directing animator in both segments of the anthology film The Adventures of Ichabod and Mr. Toad (1949). He worked on animating characters from both "The Wind in the Willows" (1908) by Kenneth Grahame and "The Legend of Sleepy Hollow" (1820) by Washington Irving.

In Cinderella (1950), Kahl animated scenes involving the Fairy Godmother, Prince Charming, the King, and the Grand Duke. In Alice in Wonderland (1951), Kahl was responsible for scenes involving Alice herself, the White Rabbit, and the Dodo. In Peter Pan (1953), Kahl animated scenes involving Peter Pan, Wendy Darling, John Darling, Michael Darling, Mr. Darling, Mrs. Darling, and their dog Nana. In Lady and the Tramp (1955), Kahl worked on scenes involving Lady, the Tramp, and the supporting character Trusty.

In Sleeping Beauty (1959), Kahl animated the co-protagonist Prince Philip, and the supporting characters King Hubert and King Stefan. In One Hundred and One Dalmatians (1961), Kahl worked on scenes involving the main characters Roger, Anita, Pongo, and Perdita. Kahl worked as both a directing animator and a character designer for the Arthurian film The Sword in the Stone (1963). Among several other characters in this film, Kahl worked on scenes involving the witch Madam Mim.

In The Jungle Book (1967), Kahl worked on scenes involving most of the film's main characters, including Mowgli, Baloo, Bagheera, Shere Khan, King Louie, and, Kaa. In The Aristocats (1970), Kahl worked on scenes involving Thomas O'Malley, Duchess, Madame Bonfamille, and Edgar. In Bedknobs and Broomsticks (1971), Kahl animated King Leonidas. In Robin Hood (1973), Kahl worked on nearly every major character in the cast, including Robin Hood himself and Maid Marian.

In The Rescuers (1977), Kahl worked primarily on scenes involving the villain Madame Medusa and the orphan girl Penny. It was the last time Kahl was credited as a directing animator. Kahl went into semi-retirement in the late 1970s, though he is thought to have done uncredited work for Disney as a character designer in the early 1980s. Kahl was brought out of retirement during the production phase of The Black Cauldron (1985). The Disney studio wanted him to provide new character designs for Taran, Eilonwy, and Fflewddur Fflam.

On April 19, 1987, Kahl died of pneumonia. He was 78 years old at the time of his death, and he had survived several other members of the Nine Old Men. In 2009, the centenary of his birth was celebrated with a tribute entitled "Milt Kahl: The Animation Michelangelo".