Clark's reference to an "anti-life equation" refers to DC Comics' character Darkseid, a major enemy of Superman's who seeks the Anti-Life Equation, a key to universal domination and subversion of the will.
Oliver is shown to have an accounts summary total of $3,137,012,336.96 in transferrable cash. Even assuming the account he checks while detained is his only account, this is an extraordinary amount of money to have as cash on hand, far more than the richest people in the real world have. This could be partially justified by having to finance the Justice League/Watchtower off the books.
Clark mentions to Chloe the term "Anti-life Equation". The Anti-Life Equation is a formula for total control over the minds of sentient beings, that is sought by Darkseid one of Supermans biggest rivals from the realm Apokolips. In the DC comics, the Anti-Life Equation is a developed by Darkseid after he learned of the concept of the "Life Equation". Theoretically, the Anti-Life Equation mathematically proves that hope, love, and freedom are all meaningless and effectively destroys a person's free will.
When Chloe and Oliver are talking at the coffee shop, she says "I didn't think a tricycle would make a strong enough point". That was a nod to the Saw movies that featured a doll on a tricycle at times.
Although they don't mention it, it seems clear that the movie Lois and Clark are watching is Jaws.