Star Trek: Voyager (TV Series) Nothing Human (1998) User Reviews

I don't quite understand the moral quandary

[planktonrules · 6/10 · 25 February 2015]

Lt. Torres is attacked by a giant green slug-like creature. It sends its tendrils into her body and they are inextricably linked-- so much so that the Doctor cannot remove the creature without killing B'Elanna. However, some Cardassian doctor has done some research and his work might help them remove the creature. So, the Doctor has a holographic Dr. Moset consult with him. However, apparently Moset is some sort of Cardassian war criminal and Maquis members on the crew and Tuvok object to the Doctor consulting with the Moset hologram.

I didn't really understand why this was such a HUGE problem. Had the ship brought the real Dr. Moset aboard to treat B'Elanna, I could easily understand the concerns. Heck, in this case I'd even like it if they shot him in the face. But it's NOT this man--it's a hologram. Despite this, the episode is moderately interesting and it is worth seeing.

entertaining but illogical

[lathamv · 7/10 · 27 May 2019]

I found the episode (overall) entertaining and it kept me watching through the whole thing which is why i gave it a 7.

i can see the dilemma for the crew members who have an inherant hatred for cardassians in general and this cardassian dr specifically. the drs appearance could have been changed before anyone saw him and that would have fixed the problem. the writers wanted put forth an ethical dilemma for the viewers to consider. the problem is, the crew would have to consider that same dilemma for almost every medical decision made. reason being... from vaccines to cancer, most of all human medical research was founded by testing on living beings including other humans. historically, we dont forego medical advancement solely because we found out that the research was unethically practiced on humans (ie some cancer research and treatments). just because the cardassian drs research was still fresh in their minds, doesnt make it any less ethical than standard medical treatments used by the HMS. the writers turned voyager into a spaceship of hypocrites. they should have left this as a question of racial bias not medical ethics.

A moral Dilemma for Voyager

[Tweekums · 7/10 · 25 February 2010]

When Voyager comes across a damaged alien ship a strange creature comes aboard and attaches itself to B'Elanna. It isn't immediately apparent whether this is a form of attack or if it is just trying to survive. The Doctor doesn't know how to safely remove the creature so uses the holodeck to recreate the Alpha Quadrants leading exobiologist; a Cardassian named Dr. Crell Moset. When B'Elanna sees who is going to treat her she objects as she doesn't want a Cardassian operating on her even if he is only a hologram. She isn't the only person to object; a Bajoran crew member recognises him as somebody guilty of performing medical experiments on Bajorans similar to those committed by the Nazis. This leaves the captain with a moral dilemma; does she let B'Elanna die or does she use techniques learnt through abhorrent means?

This was a fairly good episode with an interesting moral dilemma even if it is somewhat surprising that Star Fleet had not been told that such a high profile medical expert was in fact a war criminal, it was also a bit of a surprise when a Bajoran crew member popped up to expose him when this crew member had never been seen before.

Ethical subroutines

[tonellinon · 14 July 2019]

This review shows my failure to understand the moral difficulty. It's not Crell Moset, perpetrator of war crimes on Bajor; rather, it's a hologram of Crell Moset. The Doctor has "added" to his "subroutines" during the course of the show. I do not understand why "ethical subroutines " could not be added to the hologram of Crell Nosey.

A Tough Question

[Hitchcoc · 7/10 · 4 September 2018]

I suppose morality is rather relative at times. If one is saved by not eating a poisonous mushroom whose toxic properties caused the deaths of thousands of primitive humans, should we ignore that evidence. I know there is a difference. It does not diminish the horror of those practicing those awful experiments. The Nazis were involved extensively and should never be forgiven by the families of those victimized. But perhaps the saving of the innocents is a way of diminishing the awfulness of their actions. Let's be clear. The Doctor and B'ellana have no direct connection to this monster. What if the Doctor had accessed the database and found out about a curative, rather than the hologram that appears in the holodeck. Had the ensign not recognized the evil personage. If B'Allana had not reacted to a Cardassian presence. Would it have been OK in the entirety of the cosmos to just look at it as data. If one only has a single life (as I believe) and they are willing to give it up rather than be treated, that would be their right. But to have more people die, seems like an arbitrary universe.

Not Vulcan-logic approved!

[joker-scar · 9/10 · 18 June 2016]

Like the other 5 reviews of this particular episode I also had a problem with it. When a series runs for 7 years it is impossible to have them all great, there will be peaks and valleys just like anything else in life so it is impossible not to have episodes that just don't work or fall short. I am not one to do write-ups on a lot of shows but this one episode, like the other 5 reviewers, bugged me. All the other reviews made good points, some referred to other Start Trek shows, valid points, etc. My main objection was the writers hard stance that by using the information garnered by unethical or immoral means, taints it therefore it should not be used, period. They take the victim stance to the full tilt, as they should, the whole "lest we forget" road which is fine BUT they didn't balance it with …"on the other hand…" approach. They greatly downplay the theme of using the sins of the father (or past generations if you like) to benefit the future or future generations. The only counter punch to the victims stance was the Cardassian Dr. Moset's hollow arguments that "the ends justifies the means" morality. This character was set-up to lose from the get go and only re-enforces a very unbiased point of view to support the writer(s) personal stance. There's a lot going on in this episode…prejudice, moral/ethic medical practices, war-crimes, victims' rights, even Torres being forced to have the surgery against her will…etc. Lots of great stuff for effective drama. I think the episode focused too much on the facts of covered up war crimes, unethical experimenting for medical purposes AND relied too much on the huge plot hole that the hologram "looked" like the actual Cardassian mass murderer. Other s have pointed out the obvious plot hole in the show .. "a slight rewrite in his "personality subroutines" (and perhaps changing his appearance too - - so he didn't appear Cardassian) " I am sure having a doctor/surgeon who looks like Dr. Mengele standing over a patient in an O.R. would be a red flag situation for the best HR department in any hospital. All this stuff is great for drama BUT they did not put forth the one element that would have put more balance to all the arguments presented in the episode that favoured heavily on the side of NOT using the information to help Torres… using the information gained by "evil or immoral" actions to do some good in the end DOES NOT validate the horrific experiment as some characters even stated in the show. I will use real life analogies since the writers used real life events when writing this script. Clearly this was a Dr. Josef Mengele inspired story- line. I understand, as most normal people would, that the Nazi state was build on evil principles. No denying that. No denying that many normal people were sucked into the regimes influence that might not have done so had they been born on the other side of the world and in a different time period of history. Now my main objection to this episode was this….there was the strong point being made NOT to use the "treatment" on Torres based on the unethical/immoral way it was obtained in the past. Fine. Perfect dramatic hook in writing and structure. BUT there was not the counter argument made… If Dr. Mengele had done inhuman experiments on say, myself, back in Auschwitz and I died because of it…I would be furious if some person in the future totally removed from the event and my own death experience, even if it were my own son or granddaughter, decided that the information gathered from my death should not be used at all simply to honour my death. It would make my death in vain and NOT honour it. I would WANT my death to mean something and have the information used to save others after me regardless how it was obtained. What is done is done. I am dead. Obviously no one is advocating to do it in the present moment..that was NOT the argument of the show. Even Tuvok should have put forth that logic but he was given the opposite stance by the writers. Logic would dictate to provide all points of view and come to a conclusion based on that yet he jumped aboard the" by using it we validate the horror" bandwagon. The writers take a moral stance that has the Voyager Doctor erasing the Cardassian program at the end of show. This sends the message they will NOT use the medical information so as to NOT validate the information on how it was obtained. A better ending would to have left it as an unanswered dilemma. The current ending is now just a biased soap-box moment with plot holes left in by lazy writing.

An episode pushing genetic fallacy

[markbyrn-1 · 7/10 · 26 December 2023]

It was an interesting episode, to be sure, but the underlying moral imperative pushed by the writers was odd, to say the least. In their mind and as espoused by the characters, positive technology derived by evil means or for evil purposes should not be used and, in fact, erased from existence. I wonder if the writers knew that birth of space exploration was rooted in the development of V-2 Rockets used by the Nazi regime in WWII to inflect horrific missile attacks on civilians. And of course, critical medical advances that were derived from the Manhattan Project and the development of the Atomic bomb. Yet, in the final act of this show, the holographic doctor grandstands by announcing that medical technology used to save a crew member would be erased from the database because the doctor who developed it acquired it through evil means. A classic case of genetic fallacy in which information is dismissed based on it's origin rather than it's content.

Mengele moral quam...

[joker-scar · 9/10 · 21 August 2018]

So I started re-watching my Star Trek Voyager series. I watched the episode entitled "Nothing Human" with that great character actor David Clennon (Palmer from 1982's The Thing) playing the role of a Cardassian "hologram" thinly veiled version of Nazi SS officer "Dr. Joseph Mengele" who in this show was responsible for tortuous experiments resulting in the deaths of thousands of Bajorans. Now the drama of the show is that Torres is on deaths door and the only way to help her is to use the knowledge obtained from the "real" Doctor's past experiments to save her life. Now the writer's take on the subject was that it was immoral to use the info obtained from those "horrific" experiments and to delete the program instead of using the Dr. and his knowledge in the future. Ok. So that's what they did on the show and they pushed that agenda very heavily towards non-use. My 2 cents.... I get that they wanted to disassociate themselves with a Nazi-like Doctor working in the sick bay on the ship. But... he is only a hologram version and not the real Dr. that committed the actual crimes. The hologram version wants to use the "tainted" info from the past crimes to help future patients. "If" I were one of those victims, I wouldn't want my death to be in vain and I would want the info gained from those horrific experiments (on myself and others) to be used to help others in the future. Keep the hologram on board and turn a negative into a positive. That's my own opinion. But the politically correct card was used and the Bogey man was put back into the bottle per say. Something that Spock might not agree with on a logical level.

Ah, a Cardassian. He must be a war criminal.

[Ar_Pharazon_the_golden · 7/10 · 23 May 2019]

The episode sets a dilemma of whether it is ethical to make use of unethically conducted research, which is interesting. The truth is it handles it rather poorly, making it very easy to agree with the counterfeit Mengele counterfeit.

I mean, even ignoring obvious bypasses, like "make the cardassian look like someone else", everyone being angry at a hologram is fairly stupid. It is also silly how the hologram argues its cardassian points efficiently, even though it is based only on data that Starfleet has, that do not justify its lack of ethics. And it is annoying how cardassians are always bad guys. Enough already.

In the end, though, Cardassian defence of horrid practices is always an interesting plot - and somehow they always seem more convincing (possibly on account of how insufferable Bajorans are), despite being obviously wrong. Also, I like non-humanoid species, although the critter here barely gets any character depth.

Moral dilemma ?

[newarkinvaders · 8/10 · 19 May 2022]

My child is sick and dying .

A vaccine is developed by an evil man who only discovered the cure by killing me.

Would I want my child saved by this mans research . Or to let my child die.

Knowledge is neither evil or good.

At one point seven asks why the Borg are hated and the hologram isn't ...

The crew constantly use sevens borg knowledge and equipment with no objections despite the obvious issues with the borg as a species and the manner that the borg acquired that knowledge.

Still a good episode though because my conclusion is different to some of the voyager staff doesn't make me right and them wrong.

Interesting that Torres is willing to give up her own life but Paris is not willing to sacrifice her.

Would she be so quick to dismiss the research if it was Paris in peril. Self sacrifice is often easier than sacrificing your loved ones.

Choice denied.

[thevacinstaller · 7/10 · 16 April 2022]

Pretty good episode. When it comes down to life and death I ponder how many current human's would have moral strength to refuse being saved. I know I wouldn't take the moral high ground ---- save me, I like living.

I enjoyed how Janeway just makes the tough call but has a bit of an out with a captain being responsible for the crew safety. It is the right call in my opinion. "It's my job to protect the crew..." Discussion over.

I do feel the suspense and tension could be elevated by somehow re-working this episode to have a flesh and blood doctor who committed actual crimes as the focal point of the episode ---- I suppose they are too far away from people who associated with Neelix, right?

It's a solid, "Well, what's your opinion on it?" episode.

Many reviews are missing the point

[zenmateisshite · 9/10 · 18 August 2019]

Many of the 4-6 star reviews are just not getting it. Even Tuvok understood the logic behind the refusal to be treated by the Cardassian so I´ll quote :"if the Doctor uses knowledge that Moset gained through his experiments, we would be validating his methods, inviting further unethical research" - Chakotay: "we'll be setting a terrible precedent."

In the same way I'll understand if a holocaust survivor would not want to be treated by a Nazi doctor, or a Palestinian by an Israeli one.

The Doctor made the correct decision at the end.

Fairly decent episode with standout moments

[snoozejonc · 7/10 · 11 September 2023]

The Doctor needs help to save Torres from an alien attack.

You need to accept the contrived nature of the plot, as it grasps at straws to get a Cardassian character into a Voyager story. The writers explore some quite thought provoking themes in relation to the ethics of using medical knowledge obtained through dubious means, even though it is done in a pretty forced way. Personally I cannot see anyone rejecting the offer of a lifeline in this situation the way Torres does, but maybe there are some who feel passionately enough to do so.

The Doctor is written very well and Robert Picardo's central performance is the highlight alongside the guest character played by David Clennon. The writers also use Janeway and Torres effectively in certain scenes performed well by the actors.

I like that the filmmakers use a non-humanoid creature design for the alien-of-the-week, as there are too many actors with prosthetic foreheads, ears and other facial features in Star Trek. However, it looks like nothing more than a big rubber insect.

6.5/10 for me but I round upwards.

Badly handled ethical dilemma

[thomasebohl · 4/10 · 31 May 2015]

In this episode Voyager attempts to address whether it is ethical to utilize medical knowledge obtained by unethical means. However, they fail to properly address the point that much of our medical research has been developed by methods that would be considered unethical in their 24th century society. When the point is made that most of our medical research has been obtained through the use of animals against their will, they merely counter with "but not humans". Hold on there buddy. Medical advances including the smallpox vaccine relied on what would now be considered unethical research on humans. Even more recently, the Tuskegee syphilis experiment in the United States from 1932-1972 involved the failure of medical researchers to administer penicillin to migrant workers suffering from syphilis in an attempt to study the disease. Unethical research on people isn't something that just the Nazis or Star Trek's own 24th century war criminals have done. By failing to address the issue in its actual complexity, Voyager failed to really address this ethical dilemma at all.

I don't think they missed the point

[omarshal · 9/10 · 17 October 2020]

I personally think that this is a brilliant episode, where 2 groups of people, both with good intentions have to make a difficult decision. The most voted review of this episode states that they missed the point because the investigation for the virus is the research that was performed under unethical conditions, and that had nothing to do with saving the life of B'elanna. . In my opinion they didn't miss the point because the episode makes it very clear that the Cardassian doctor and still his hologram was performing his investigations ignoring the morality of his actions. We have to assume that all the knowledge he gained including what allows to have his expert hologram program, benefited from all this investigations, not only the specific virus from Bajor. He is a horrible person and humans already in XX century reject investigations performed via his methods and they are not published.

They missed the point...

[misanthroputz · 4/10 · 23 December 2011]

This episode attempted to present an interesting ethical dilemma revolving around the use of scientific research discovered through immoral methods...but it kind of missed the boat. They merely introduced a character with an immoral past and posed the question whether or not this person can be utilized ethically today in a new, unrelated situation. The true ethical dilemma for others (i.e. humanity) does not revolve around whether or not a particular *researcher* is an ethical person, but whether or not the *research* being utilized was gathered in an ethical way. A researcher might be a raging psychopath but being immoral doesn't automatically make everything they might do in life immoral simply through association.

** SPOILERS **

If B'Elanna could have only be saved by using the exact vaccine developed through the immoral experimentation done on Bajorans (the reason given for why the Cardassian was unethical), or perhaps by another new vaccine developed by this Cardassian, then the proper moral quandary that Tuvok raises in this episode would have been properly posed. However, B'Elanna's situation had nothing to do with viruses at all. Instead, her situation depended entirely upon a different scientific discipline (i.e. exobiology vs. virology) that this Cardassian happened to also be an "expert" in. One might rightfully use this Cardassian's past as a good reason why he shouldn't be allowed anywhere near patients, for example, or to ever work on immunological research, but there isn't much of an ethical reasons to stop such a person from doing new research on new problems in other fields, especially when under the proper ethical guidelines and supervision a person would have on board Voyager.

Moreover, given the fact that this plot depended upon a hologram with ethical issues, a slight rewrite in his "personality subroutines" (and perhaps changing his appearance too -- so he didn't appear Cardassian) -- things easily done in other episodes -- would have solved all of the moral issues raised in this episode in a matter of a minute or two.

** END SPOILERS ***

Its not a bad episode to watch if you don't think about it much. But the writers simply missed presenting any real moral conundrum here and ended up with no more than a Chicken Little / "The Sky is Falling" dilemma fabricated by simply making the characters over-react to a non-dilemma instead.

Good Star Trek concept, poor implementation

[scs0 · 4/10 · 30 March 2007]

The basic premise of this episode is simple: is it moral to treat an individual for a disease when the cure was acquired through immoral means? From Nazi experimentation on the Jews to modern day embryotic stem cell research, this is an important real-world topic and is perfect territory for Star Trek to explore. Unfortunately, the Star Trek nerd in me hates this episode as a Voyager episode but thinks it would have worked great on Star Trek: Deep Space 9 (DS9).

In a nutshell, the crew encounters an injured member of insect-like alien race that attaches itself to Torres to sustain its life. The doctor (an Emergency Holographic Doctor: EMH) cannot figure out how to safely remove the organism so he creates a new holographic doctor from a portion of the ship's medical database that's not part of his own to assist. Unfortunately this doctor was based off a real Cardassian doctor that used cruel methods to acquire his research. Torres says she'd rather die than be assisted by this man and the audience is then treated to the controversy surrounding all sides of this situation.

First; the (sometimes nerdy) reasons why I think this was a bad Voyager episode: 1) The doctor is software. He shouldn't need to create another doctor to analyze this data. He should be able to read it in the same way Microsoft Word can read any word document I give it.

2) A few episodes ago the doctor was sent away so Paris and Kim attempt to create a backup doctor. This proves impossible. Then in this episode the Doctor and Kim quickly create a brand new EMH. And it was just a bit too easy to create this doctor and his personality.

3) We see Bajorian crew members (a race serious oppressed by the Cardassians) but I don't remember seeing any Bajorians on the ship before or after this episode. How convenient! 4) Torres would rather die than be treated by this Cardassian recreation or his research. While I don't doubt her convictions, this position would sound more plausible coming from an actual Bajorian than a Human-Klingon hybrid.

Second: Why I believe this would have made a better episode for DS9: 1) The DS9 doctor is human. Genetically enhanced, but human nonetheless. Therefore it would be believable for him to not know or not be able to assimilate Cardassian research. Being close to Cardassian space he could easily get the Cardassian in question or a protégé.

2) DS9 had an actual Bajorian (Kira) in its main cast. It would have seemed more natural for this Bajorian individual to be adamant against using this Cardassian research than Voyager's Torres. Bajorans popped up on that show all the time so their opinions would have seemed natural and not a convenient plot device.

3) I was nerdy enough to check the dates and this show was dated about a year after DS9's Kira gave birth to a human couple's child. If the concept of this show existed at that time, a DS9 version could have exploited that for further drama. With Kira being pregnant you immediately add more sides to the story. With the child not being hers you have a situation where the actual parents can cause additional friction. Oh well.

So I disliked how it was shoehorned into Voyager and cannot watch this episode without thinking it belonged on DS9.

I've seen worse but this one is pretty bad.

[Alex-594-514783 · 3/10 · 25 May 2019]

This episode takes a lot of illogical leaps. Remember the time they sent the doctor to the alpha quadrant and Harry and Tom tried to create a new EMH in case he never came back? They set the precedent in that episode that creating an interactive hologram with a giant database is REALLY hard. Well in this episode they just ask the computer to do it, tweak a couple things, and they've not only created an interactive database but a full-fledged Cardassian individual for the Maquis on-board to loathe. There was zero reason to recreate the guy. Seems to me they could have just dumped the same medical data into the doctor's program. In fact, that could have been far more interesting to watch Picardo struggle with the morality of what he learns from the data and whether or not to use the data to save Torres.

Another issue I had was, if you can scan the creature in sick bay thoroughly enough to recreate it entirely on the holodeck with such accuracy that you can even cut the hologram open and see totally accurate internal workings of the creature, then why do you even need to perform fake surgery on the hologram? Can't you just ask the computer to simulate whatever procedure you wanted to try instead of wasting time? Clearly they have detailed scans that allow a perfect recreation of the creature's anatomy so what is the point of even recreating it?

Lastly, I'm sure this could expand into a giant philosophical debate but on the surface the moral issue seems rather simple to me. By not using the data to save Torres they are making all the Bajoran Deaths that much more pointless. The fact that this data came at a great evil cost should definitely be remembered and mourned, but clearly that data was already in their database somehow and nobody seemed to care? Deleting it is just ignorant and self-righteous in my opinion because they're only doing it to make themselves feel better rather than having any positive practical effect on anything. Their moral stance of deleting the data without using it to save their crew member isn't going to stop psychopaths from doing the same evil stuff in the future and they themselves aren't the ones that are ever going to do anything so morally bankrupt. One could argue that using the research to save lives is actually the moral thing to do and pays at least some homage to those who died.

Silly--Even By Voyager Standards

[lju3 · 4/10 · 7 March 2017]

This is an uncommonly silly episode. The stupidity of people having emotional reactions to a hologram under such circumstances is one thing, but the notion that scientific information gained through immoral means should be tossed aside on that basis alone is stunningly stupid. There was no real conflict in this episode, so the writers drummed one up. What a waste of television.

Obnoxious moral posturing

[AndrooUK · 4/10 · 2 January 2023]

Might have been interesting, but the 'moral quandary' was just annoying and overly preachy with a disappointing outcome.

Then there's the hypocrisy at the end. "We'll use this evil data because it's useful, then delete it after we're finished with it, because it's evil."

Even in TNG, a supposedly 'unethical' doctor conducting medical research on unsuspecting people wasn't imprisoned or 'deleted'. Her knowledge was used (to replace Worf's spinal cord), and she got a slap on the wrist.

I'm pretty sure we've even used data gained from unethical Nazi medical experiments, I know we've definitely kept and used data from unethical psychological experiments. We've also kept medical research from all of human history, despite the fact that we have no idea how much data was obtained through cruel experimentation on people.

Ignorance is bliss? It's hypocritical.

You can absolutely condemn, find abhorrent, and punish unethical medical research practices, whilst not throwing the data away. It makes all the suffering pointless if at least some good can't come from it. I'm pretty sure that people would rather some good can come from their suffering, even if it came from their deaths.

Will we delete all data gained from animal testing once we decide (and are able) to stop conducting it? No. I know it's not the same, but we should make the best use of information we can to help others, no matter how it was obtained. We can still punish unethical behaviour.

Throw in the nonsense about deleting a holodeck character because the guy he's based on is a 'bad guy', and not changing his appearance despite it being so upsetting to the patient (and the butthurt bajoran), whilst being so easy for them to do.

Helpful Crewman: "Computer: Make him look like a sexy vulcan with a kind face!"

Tone Deaf EMH: "Computer: Belay that. He's a great doctor, what should it matter what he looks like? I don't care if you dumb organics can't be completely objective and ignore physical appearance!"

It's interesting that this was more of a moral/ethical problem for the crew than murdering Tuvix was. Ah, Starfleet's finest, for sure.

A really stupid moral trouble

[Aragorn-3 · 1/10 · 4 December 2022]

I understand the Mengele problem here, but the cardassian doctor IS A HOLOGRAM!!!!!! They simply can change the aspect of the hologram and problem solved.

On the other hand, many of the human medical advances come from studies carried out, not only on animals, as it is said in the series, but even on humans. And today they are still used to heal. Is it okay? No, but it is reality.

It seems to be a serious moral issue to have used Holographic doctor knowledge to cure B'Elana, but no mention is made of the vaccine that was ACTUALLY obtained through those heinous practices, but it seems to still be applied.

Crew is mad at a hologram

[tomsly-40015 · 4/10 · 5 January 2024]

This episode starts really promising and could have been a masterpiece about ethics in science and how to deal with insights gained by conducting inhumane experiments. Unfortunately the episodes gets lost in pure aversion against everything Cardassian, unreasonable hatred against a hologram and infantile lectures about morality. Even Tuvok's logic and argumentation falls flat this time.

The conclusion of this episode is, that it is unethical to use any information, cure or treatment that is the result of experiments on humans against their will and without any ethical legitimation. The doc rather deletes everything about the research of a Cardassian exo-biologist because he was evil.

Tuvok implies that if you use research material that has been obtained in unethical ways, you open the doors for such practices. And this logic is majorly flawed. The doc for example would not have turned into a cruel mass murderer only because he used the Cardassian scientist's research. And no one on board would have either. And it would not have encouraged any else either! Which virologist of today would infect humans with deadly viruses to test new vaccines? No one! But all virologists build their own research on the first research that has been made exactly this way. Our ethics and morality today can easily distinguish between what is ethical ok today and what might have been different in other times.

Also, it is totally ridiculous to see how B'Elanna and that Bajoran, that suddenly is a crew member but never was seen before, react to a HOLOGRAM of a Cardassian scientist! And why can't the doctor just change his appearance into Bart Simpson or whatever so people stop acting like babies!

And why do they need a second hologram anyway? The doctor's matrix is unable to store more data??? What?! They use the holodeck to create all sorts of worlds or large scale battles, but the doctor's "hard drive" is full when he adds some megabytes of data? And even if, then temporarily get rid of some useless information that is not needed now, like anatomy of Vulcans, performing a heart transplantation or treating an ingrown toe nail! Pathetic.

If we would burn all research that is not 100% ethical compliant, our usable medical and scientific knowledge would be back at medieval levels again.