JANE EYRE (Monogram, 1934), directed by Christy Cabanne, is another "poverty row" screen treatment taken from classic literature in the formatted style to the studio's own presentation to Charles Dickens' OLIVER TWIST (1933) starring Dickie Moore. While not the original screen adaptation to Charlotte Bronte's immortal novel, "Jane Eyre" consisted of numerous silent screen versions, one as early as 1913 starring Lisbeth Blackstone, another, retitled WOMAN AND WIFE (1917) with Alice Brady, and again (1921) in retained title featuring Mabel Ballin. For this first talkie edition, the title role goes to Virginia Bruce (1910-1981) on loan from Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. Bruce, a fine actress, is one who never really achieved the sort of movie stardom of a Bette Davis or Katharine Hepburn. Regardless of its merits and low-budget structure, JANE EYRE, in fact, didn't help nor hurt Miss Bruce's screen career, nor did it prompt any possibilities for other movie studios in remaking the Bronte story over and over again, namely the next-in-line remake, the oft-revived and admired 20th Century-Fox 1944 production starring Orson Welles (Rochester) and Joan Fontaine (Jane). For now, let's concentrate on this JANE EYRE from Monogram Studios.
Told through the passages of the novel, Jane Eyre begins with, "Chapter I, 'The cold winter wind had brought with it somber cold and penetrating rain.'" Jane Eyre (Jean Darling) is introduced as an child orphan living in the home and charity of her unsympathetic Aunt Mary Reed (Clarissa Selwynne) and her spoiled children, Georgiana (Anne Howard) and John (Richard Quine). John, a momma's boy, pleasures himself "disciplining" his cousin through unnecessary tactics of facial slaps and accusations of being a thief who's stolen one of his books. Because of her unruly outbursts for defending herself, Mrs. Reed soon deposits her niece to the Lowood Orphanage for Girls where Jane finds herself under the kindness of Miss Temple (Greta Gould) and strict disciplinary actions of its no-nonsense headmaster, Mr. Brocklehurst (David Torrence). As the pages flip, skipping through various details of Jane's childhood, the story resumes with "Chapter X, 'I remained an inmate of Lowood's walls for ten years, eight as a pupil, and finally two as a teacher."' The adult Jane Eyre (Virginia Bruce), is shown as a humanly kind schoolteacher getting through to her pupils with kindness and understanding. Because Mr. Brocklehurst doesn't believe in her tactics, he immediately dismisses her. Jane soon acquires a new position, that of governess in the estate of Edward Rochester (Colin Clive). Though Jane enjoys her new position caring for Rochester's mischievous niece, Adele (Edith Fellows), and the fine companionship of Mrs. Fairfax (Beryl Mercer), the housekeeper, she's surrounded by strange surroundings and occurrences by night with the sounds of tormented screams from the far distance of the mansion, a mysterious fire in one of the rooms, and a strange figure roaming about, reasons known only by married servants, Sam (John Rogers) and Grace Poole (Ethel Griffies - a role she repeated in the 1944 version), but most of all, Mr. Rochester, who'd rather spare Jane from the outlandish details.
Other members of the cast include that of Aileen Pringle (Blanche Ingram, Rochester's snobbish fiancée); Lionel Belmore (Lord Ingram, Blanche's father whom Adele says resembles a walrus); Claire DuBrey (Bertha Rochester); and Jameson Thomas (Charles Crack).
For anyone quite familiar or in favor of either the 1944 Joan Fontaine version or the numerous latter theatrical and/or made-for-television editions to JANE EYRE, would be quite disappointed by this production. Though comparing with the others is inevitable, this JANE EYRE presents itself more like an early 1929 sound talkie than one made in 1934. The low budget qualities and musical background limitations would have been forgivable had it not been for the present structure of the film. Although quite a common practice for the screen treatment to stray from the book in favor of rearranging situations and characters to add more interest, JANE EYRE might have succeeded into at least an average product had the film itself been fully developed in both characters and plot. As much as Bruce, Clive and Fellows dominate in these proceedings, the cast support results to mostly extended cameos. A major character of John Rivers (Desmond Roberts) becomes a third dimensional one appearing briefly as a man running a charity mission who's gotten to know and love Jane enough to offer her his hand in marriage. Rivers suddenly disappears, never to be seen again. While Leonard Maltin's TV and Video Guide clocks JANE EYRE at 67 minutes, it's curious as to whether the director's cut was originally longer at possibly 80 minutes, than the now circulating 62 minute edition.
Retaining Colin Clive (immortally known for his title role of Universal's 1931 edition of FRANKENSTEIN) in the role of Rochester, it's a wonder how JANE EYRE of 1934 might have succeeded had it been produced and distributed by major studios as RKO Radio with Katharine Hepburn (excellent choice); MGM (with Maureen O'Sullivan); Paramount (Elissa Landi); Warner Brothers (newcomer Jean Muir); United Artists (Joan Bennett) or even Universal (newcomers Jane Wyatt or British born Valerie Hobson), as possible casting examples for the Bronte heroine.
Not as frequently televised as Monogram's OLIVER TWIST (1933), the long unseen JANE EYRE has become available over the years on either video cassette (1990s) and/or DVD format, the only method of getting to see how "it happened to Jane" as well as an opportunity in rediscovering Virginia Bruce in a rare leading screen performance and getting to hear her sing Franz Schubert's "Serenade" while playing the piano. (**)
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