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- John Pierpont Morgan is an American financier and banker who dominated corporate finance on Wall Street throughout the Gilded Age. As the head of the banking firm that ultimately became known as J.P. Morgan and Co., he was a driving force behind the wave of industrial consolidation in the United States spanning the late 19th and early 20th century.
Over the course of his career on Wall Street, J.P. Morgan spearheaded the formation of several prominent multinational corporations including U.S. Steel Corporation, International Harvester and General Electric. He and his partners also held controlling interests in numerous other American businesses including AT&T, Western Union and 24 railroads. Due to his financial clout, Morgan came to wield enormous influence over the nation's lawmakers and finances. During the Panic of 1907, he organized a coalition of financiers that saved the American economy from collapse.
As the Progressive Era's leading financier, J.P. Morgan's dedication to efficiency and modernization helped transform the shape of the American economy. Adrian Wooldridge characterized Morgan as America's "greatest banker". Morgan died in Rome, Italy, in his sleep in 1913 at the age of 75, leaving his fortune and business to his son, John Pierpont Morgan Jr. - Stephen Grover Cleveland was an American lawyer and politician who served as the 22nd and 24th president of the United States from 1885 to 1889 and from 1893 to 1897. Cleveland is the only president in American history to serve two non-consecutive terms in office. He won the popular vote for three presidential elections-in 1884, 1888, and 1892-and was one of two Democrats (followed by Woodrow Wilson in 1912) to be elected president during the era of Republican presidential domination dating from 1861 to 1933.
- 'Wild Bill' Hickok was born on 27 May 1837 in Troy Grove, LaSalle County, Illinois, USA. He died on 2 August 1876 in Deadwood, Lawrence County, South Dakota, USA.
- William Quantrill was born on 31 July 1837 in Canal Dover, Ohio, USA. He died on 6 June 1865 in Louisville, Kentucky, USA.
- Robert Gould Shaw was born on 10 October 1837 in Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Robert Gould was a writer, known for Glory (1989). Robert Gould was married to Annie Haggerty. Robert Gould died on 18 July 1863 in Charleston, South Carolina, USA.
- Writer
- Music Department
- Soundtrack
Rosalía de Castro was born on 24 February 1837 in Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Galicia, Spain. She was a writer, known for The Sea Inside (2004), The Witching Hour (1985) and Pelerinaxe do 'Patronato Rosalia Castro' aos Lugares rosalianos e aitos orgaizados en homaxe da poeta o 'Dia de Galiza' de 1.951 en Sant-iago (1951). She was married to Manuel Murguía. She died on 15 July 1885 in Iria Flavia, Padrón, A Coruña, Galicia, Spain.- William Dean Howells was born on 1 March 1837 in Martins Ferry, Ohio, USA. He was a writer, known for The United States Steel Hour (1953), Studio 57 (1954) and Mickey's Once Upon a Christmas (1999). He was married to Elinore Gertrude Mead. He died on 11 May 1920 in New York City, New York, USA.
- Robert Henry Hall was born on 15 November 1837 in Detroit, Michigan, USA. He died on 29 December 1914 in Chicago Heights, Illinois, USA.
- George Dewey was born on 26 December 1837 in Montpelier, Vermont, USA. He was married to Susan Boardman Goodwin. He died on 16 January 1917 in Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
- Michal Balucki was born on 29 September 1837 in Krakau, Galicia, Austrian Empire [now Kraków, Malopolskie, Poland]. He was a writer, known for For Crimes Not Theirs (1938), Bialy Murzyn (1939) and Klub kawalerów (1962). He died on 17 October 1901 in Krakau, Galicia, Austria-Hungary [now Kraków, Malopolskie, Poland].
- Jorge Isaacs was born on 1 April 1837 in Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colombia. He was a writer, known for María (1938), La María (1922) and María (1972). He was married to Felisa González Umaña. He died on 17 April 1895 in Ibagué, Tolima, Colombia.
- Elisabeth von Wittelsbach was born on 24 December 1837 in Munich, Kingdom of Bavaria [now Bavaria, Germany]. She died on 10 September 1898 in Geneva, Switzerland.
- William Winchester was born on 22 June 1837 in Baltimore, Maryland, USA. He was married to Sarah Winchester. He died on 7 March 1881.
- William James Knight, the Union engineer on the famous Confederate General Locomotive in the Civil War, and received the first Congressional Medal of Honor from President Abraham Lincoln in 1863 along with some 12 or so other Union soldiers in two different occasions.
This dramatic historical story is depicted in the films The General, The Great Locomotive Chase, and The Andrews' Raiders. Several Confederate trains were in pursuit - chasing down the high-jacked General which was doing some 75 MPH under Engineer Knight - when it was only safe (read licensed) to go around 25 MPH maximum. - Henry Becque was born on 18 April 1837 in Paris, France. He was a writer, known for Television Theater (1953), Théâtre d'une heure (1963) and ITV Television Playhouse (1955). He died on 12 May 1899 in Neuilly-sur-Seine, Hauts-de-Seine, France.
- Music Department
- Soundtrack
Emil Waldteufel was born on 9 December 1837 in Strasbourg, Bas-Rhin, France. He is known for Enthiran (2010), Mute (2018) and Victor Frankenstein (2015). He was married to Célestine Dufau. He died on 12 February 1915 in Paris, France.- Ernest Daudet was born on 31 May 1837 in Nîmes, Gard, France. Ernest was a writer, known for La nuit du 11 septembre (1922) and Par la vérité (1917). Ernest died on 21 August 1921 in Petites Dalles, France.
- Prior to the outbreak of American Civil War, Edward Morrison Alfriend was working as an insurance underwriter at his father's firm in Richmond, Virginian. On 10 June, 1861 he was commissioned a 1st lieutenant in Company E of the 44th Virginia Infantry Division. Less than a year later, on 1 May, 1862, he was promoted to full captain. Alfriend distinguished himself in one battle when he came to the aid of Confederate General Joseph E. Johnston after Johnston had become separated from his command and was in peril of being killed or captured by Union soldiers. Some time after the war ended Alfriend began his writing career while working as a partner in his father's insurance business in Richmond. After achieving some success he decided to relocate to New York City in the late 1880s. There he was described by one of his Northern associates as "a portly Southern gentleman with a walrus mustache". Some of Alfriend's more popular plays were "A Woman's Ordeal" (1877), "The Louisianan" (1892), "Across the Potomac" (1894) written with Augustus Pitou "The Diplomat" (1894), "The Great Diamond Robbery" (1895) written with A.C. Wheeler and "His Double Life" (1896). He also contributed articles to many of the popular periodicals of his day. Alfriend once interviewed Edwin Booth for an article he was writing about the acting career of John Wilkes Booth. In 1891 he wrote a Civil War era piece for Cosmopolitan titled "Social Life in Richmond during the War." Edward M. Alfriend had at least two brothers, Frank Heath Alfriend (1841-1887), an author, newspaper reporter, teacher and at the time of his death, assistant librarian for the US Senate. Frank Alfriend is primarily remembered as a friend and biographer of Jefferson Davis. "The life of Jefferson Davis" by Frank H. Alfriend is still available in bookstores today, 140 years after it was first published. Thomas Lee Alfriend (1843-1901) was a sergeant in the Virginia Infantry during the war and later became one of the more successful insurance executives in Virginia. Transcripts of letters Thomas wrote his brother Frank during the Civil War are kept in a special collection at the College of William and Mary Swem Library in Williamsburg, Virginia. Edward Morrison Alfriend passed away in New York City just six months after his brother Thomas had died in Virginia. Both Edward and Thomas' remains are interned at the Hollywood Cemetery in Richmond.
- Alois Vojtech Smilovský was born on 24 January 1837 in Mladá Boleslav, Bohemia, Austria [now Czech Republic]. He was a writer, known for Parnasie (1925) and Za ranních cervánku (1934). He was married to Anna Bílá. He died on 20 June 1883 in Litomysl, Bohemia, Austria-Hungary [now Czech Republic].
- Whitelaw Reid was born on 27 October 1837 in Xenia, Ohio, USA. He was married to Elisabeth Mills. He died on 15 December 1912 in London, England, UK.
- Louis IV was born on 12 September 1837 in Darmstadt, Grand Duchy of Hesse and by Rhine, German Confederation [now Darmstadt, Hesse, Germany]. He was married to Countess Alexandrina Hutten-Czapska and Grand Duchess Alice. He died on 13 March 1892 in Darmstadt, Grand Duchy of Hesse and by Rhine, German Empire [now Darmstadt, Hesse, Germany].
- Ilia Chavchavadze was born on 8 November 1837 in Kvareli, Georgia Governorate, Russian Empire [now Georgia]. Ilia was a writer, known for Glakhis naambobi (1961), Otaraant qvrivi (1958) and Katsia-Adamiani? (1979). Ilia died on 12 September 1907 in Tsitsamuri, Tiflis Governorate, Russian Empire [now Georgia].
- Wilhelm Jensen was born on 15 February 1837 in Heiligenhafen, Holstein, Germany. He was a writer, known for Gradiva (1970) and It's Gradiva Who Is Calling You (2006). He was married to Marie Brühl. He died on 24 November 1911 in Munich, Germany.
- Jacob Gallinger was born on 28 March 1837 in Cornwall, Ontario, Canada. He died on 17 August 1918 in Franklin, New Hampshire, USA.
- Set Decorator
Hawes Craven was born on 3 July 1837 in Leeds, West Yorkshire, England, UK. Hawes was a set decorator, known for King John (1899). Hawes was married to Mary Tees. Hawes died on 22 July 1910 in Brockley, Lewisham, London, England, UK.